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Smallpox Alert!

Vaccine History: license and/or first manufacture
This table has been created by scaning a paper document originally found on the web, unknown source URL.
TABLE 1. Vaccine-preventable diseases, by year of vaccine development or licensure
-- United States, 1798-1998 (From CDC report)

Disease Year
Smallpox* 1798+
Rabies 1885+
Typhoid 1896+
 
Cholera 1896+
Plague 1897+
 
Diphtheria* 1923+
Pertussis* 1926+
Tetanus* 1927+
 
Tuberculosis 1927+
Influenza 1945&
 
Yellow fever 1953&
Poliomyelitis* 1955&
Measles* 1963&
 
Mumps* 1967&
Rubella* 1969&
 
Anthrax 1970&
Meningitis 1975&
Pneumonia 1977&
 
Adenovirus 1980&
Hepatitis B* 1981&
 
Haemophilus influenzae type b* 1985&
Japanese encephalitis 1992&
Hepatitis A 1995&
 
Varicella* 1995&
Lyme disease 1998&
 
Rotavirus* 1998&

* Vaccine recommended for universal use in U. S. children. For smallpox, routine vaccination was ended in 1971.
+ Vaccine developed (i.e., first published results of vaccine usage).
& Vaccine licensed for use in United States.


Links to more History of vaccines:

http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4020/is_200401/ai_n9403956
Regulation of Vaccines: Strengthening the Science Base
Journal of Public Health Policy, 2004 by Milstien, Julie B

Selected Quotes:
History of vaccine regulation (1)
The United States FDA, the agency responsible for regulatory oversight of vaccines in the US, recently celebrated its 100th anniversary, commemorating the passage of the Biologies Control Act by Congress on 1 July 1902. Like other major changes in vaccine regulation that would follow, this first step was in response to a tragic event: the death of 13 children in St. Louis in 1901 who had received diphtheria antitoxin that had been accidentally contaminated with tetanus. The horse from which the antitoxin had been prepared had contracted tetanus and had been killed, but the serum was not destroyed. This was followed by a similar contamination of smallpox vaccine, also in 1901, when nine children in Camden, NJ, died of tetanus after receiving this vaccine.

PDF Version:
www.jphp.umb.edu/documents/204-041_health_25_2_milstien.pdf
commentary on above article:
www.jphp.umb.edu/documents/204-041_health_25_2_homma_pf.pdf

From: www.jphp.umb.edu/documents/204-041_health_25_2_milstien.pdf
milstien - regulation of vaccines                                      175
                                 ta b l e 1
                Development of Commonly Used Vaccines
                  Year first
Vaccine           developed                     Comments
Smallpox            1798     Used since 1800 in US, routinely since begin-
                             ning of 20th century; current formulation
                             available in 1950s; new formulations being
                             developed for bioterror stockpiles
Rabies              1885     Human diploid cell culture vaccine developed
                             in 1967; current cell culture vaccines avail-
                             able in US since 1980's
Bacille Calmette-
Guérin (BCG)        1921     In France
Diphtheria toxoid   1921     Licensed in 1926 and used in early 1930s in
                             US; widespread use after 1948 as part of DTwP
Pertussis           1926     Introduced in US in 1948 as part of DTwP
                             (whole cell); acellular pertussis vaccine
                             licensed for infants in 1996
Tetanus toxoid      1924     Licensed in US in 1933 and introduced in
                             1948 as part of DTwP
Yellow fever        1937     Current leucose-free thermostable formula-
                             tion grown on chick embryo cells developed
                             in early 1980s
Inactivated
polio (IPV)         1955     Enhanced formulation licensed in 1987 in US
Oral polio (OPV)    1955     Introduced in US in 1961 and trivalent for-
                             mulation licensed in 1963
Measles             1963     Current strain licensed in US in 1968
Rubella             1969     Current formulation licensed in 1979
Hepatitis B         1981     Plasma derived strain. Recombinant product
                             licensed in US in 1986, and in 1991 recom-
                             mended for widespread infant use